Fig. 2

The age and sex-adjusted 10-year and lifetime risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) of new-onset hypertension compared with normotensive controls. Panel A presents the 10-year risk of CVD for all participants with new-onset hypertension compared to normotensive controls. Panel B depicts the lifetime risk of CVD for those with new-onset hypertension in comparison to controls. In Panel C, the 10-year risk of CVD is shown for new-onset hypertension cases with varying numbers of favorable factors. Panel D displays the lifetime risk of CVD for new-onset hypertension cases with different numbers of favorable factors. HPT denotes new-set hypertension. The risks were adjusted for age (continuous) and sex (male or female). Modifiable factors include diet, nicotine exposure, physical activity, sleep, body mass index, blood lipids, blood glucose, and blood pressure, with a favorable level defined as a Life’s Essential 8 score ≥ 80